Figuration of Caliban in the Constellation of Postcolonial Theory

The surrogation of Caliban from Shakespeare s The§Tempest to Césaire s A Tempest has always been§related to colonialism. In Shakespeare s time,§Caliban, depicted as half animal, served to represent§the Other in an emerging colonial discourse. As§opposed to Shakespeare s character, Césaire s Caliban§is blatantly black and racially oppressed. As an§adaptation, the play reinterprets the figure of§Caliban to express postcolonial attitudes of the§time. This book addresses the questions of how the§figure of Caliban in Shakespeare s play fits into the§discourse of colonialism and how the figure of the§black Caliban in Césaire s play reinterprets Caliban§in a postcolonial context. The discussion indicates§that each figuration of Caliban, both on stage and in§critical theory, always functions as a surrogate for§another reinterpretation of the figure within a given§political context. Césaire s Caliban, as a refiguring§of Shakespeare s Caliban, however, also invites§another surrogation, one that relates to the later§wave of postcolonial theory emphasizing hybridity,§which views Caliban as one who blends borders and§identities in a hybrid formation.